Second Curtain Sync

Canon SLR cameras have two shutter curtains, first and second. At the shutter release signal, the first curtain opens; later, the second curtain closes the shutter. The time between the first and second curtains depends on the shutter speed or time value (Tv).

At very short time values, the second curtain will start to close the shutter before the first curtain is completely open; there is effectively a "slit" opening which travels across the film plane. A flash fired during this short time value would result in only a portion of the film frame being exposed.

At longer time values, there will be a period of time after the first curtain has completely opened and before the second curtain has begun to close. A flash fired any time during this interval will expose the entire film frame.

Most modern SLRs use X-sync for triggering flashes. X-sync is the timing of the signal to fire the flash just after the first shutter curtain is fully open. At X-sync time value, the interval between fully open first and second curtains is sufficient to fire a flash (about 1.5 milliseconds). X-sync speed of Canon EOS cameras:

Canon’s second curtain sync will fire the flash about 1.5 milliseconds before the second curtain begins to close. At the X-sync time value, X-sync and second curtain sync are effectively identical; at longer time values there is a difference. If you photographed a moving automobile, at night with its lights on and a time value of 1 second:


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